Distributed generation is an approach to power system design and operation characterized by the deployment of smaller-scale energy sources located near the point of consumption, contrasting with centralized large power plants. As an academic concept and research field, it investigates the technical, economic, regulatory, and environmental implications of integrating these diverse, decentralized resources, such as renewable energy technologies and combined heat and power units, into existing grid infrastructure and energy markets, highlighting their potential significance for grid resilience, efficiency, and the transition to sustainable energy systems.